It is very important to prevent short circuits by making sure that the positive voltage is never wired directly to ground. Shorts are bad because they will result in your battery and/or circuit overheating, breaking, catching on fire, and/or exploding. Likewise, if electricity passes through a component (or group of components) that does not add enough resistance to the circuit, a short will likewise occur (see Ohm's Law video). This means that the positive voltage is connected directly to ground. If positive voltage is connected directly to ground and does not first pass through something that adds resistance, like a motor, this will result in a short circuit. In other words, there needs to be something wired between positive and ground that adds resistance to the flow of electricity and uses it up. Thus, all of the electricity passing through the circuit is being put to use. The next very important consideration to keep in mind is that electricity in a circuit must be used.įor instance, in the circuit above, the motor that electricity is flowing through is adding resistance to the flow of electricity. If you would like any suggestions for alternative suppliers, please let me know.) I reinvest whatever proceeds I receive into making new projects. This does not change the cost of the item for you. (Note that some of the links on this page are affiliate links. As such, all further discussion of electricity will revolve around DC electricity. Most basic electronic circuits use DC electricity. If you want a better understanding of these different measurements, what they mean, and how they relate, check out this informative video on Ohm's Law. It is important to never exceed the Wattage rating of a component, but fortunately that Wattage of your DC power supply can easily be calculated by multiplying the voltage and current of your power source. As you delve deeper into electronics you will encounter components with Watt ratings. We will talk a little bit about resistance in the next step, but I am not going to be going over Watts in depth. For instance, a brand new 9V battery would have a voltage of 9V and a current of around 500mA (500 milliamps).Įlectricity can also be defined in terms of resistance and watts. Voltage is obviously rated in Volts and current is rated in Amps. Speaking of voltage, electricity is typically defined as having a voltage and a current rating.
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For great instructions on how to do this, check out Ladyada's multimeter page (you will want to measure voltage in particular). You can test this by reading a battery with a multimeter. In this arrangement there is always a positive source of voltage and ground (0V) source of voltage. With Direct Current, electricity flows in one direction between power and ground.
So, when they say that the US power supply is 60 Hz, what they mean is that it is reversing 120 times per second (twice per cycle). The rate of reversal is measured in Hertz, which is the number of reversals per second. You may even say that it is alternating direction. With alternating current, the direction electricity flows throughout the circuit is constantly reversing.
There are two types of electrical signals, those being alternating current (AC), and direct current (DC).
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